What wood are industrial pallets made from?

Industrial pallets are manufactured from softwood — typically pine or spruce. Only dried timber enters production to prevent the mould that develops in green or wet wood during storage and transit. For cross-border export movements, the timber must be heat-treated to ISPM 15 — treatment raises the core temperature to 56°C for a minimum of 30 continuous minutes. The HT mark burned into the pallet block confirms this has been completed. Hardwood is used in specialist high-load applications but adds weight and cost without proportional benefit for standard road freight pallet use.