Who is responsible for securing a load on a truck?

The driver is legally responsible for the load's security on the road from the moment the vehicle departs. The sender is responsible for correct pre-loading preparation — palletisation, packaging, and stretch-wrapping — before the carrier arrives. These are two separate obligations at two separate points. A driver cannot compensate for inadequate sender packaging using the vehicle's securing equipment alone, and the CMR convention confirms that inadequate pre-loading preparation reduces the carrier's liability for resulting transit damage.